Q. not sure if this is important:
chylomicron has 4% phospholipid, 90% triacylglycerol, 5% cholesterol, 1% protein.
low-density lipoprotein has 20% phospholipid, 10% triacylglycerol, 45% cholesterol, 25% protein.
high-density lipoprotein has 30% phospholipid, 5% triacylglycerol, 20% cholesterol, 45% protein.
chylomicron has 4% phospholipid, 90% triacylglycerol, 5% cholesterol, 1% protein.
low-density lipoprotein has 20% phospholipid, 10% triacylglycerol, 45% cholesterol, 25% protein.
high-density lipoprotein has 30% phospholipid, 5% triacylglycerol, 20% cholesterol, 45% protein.
A. Particles (and systems in general) always follow the "principal of least energy" which reduces the free energy of a system to minimum.
Phospholipids are polar compounds based upon a glycerol backbone. Two fatty acids are attached to the phospholipid at the sn-1, and sn-2 position (end and middle respectively). Both fatty acids are non-polar and hydrophobic (water-hating). The third spot is taken by a polar group at the sn-3 position (e.g. the other end) which is hydrophilic (water loving). In addition to polar amino acids and proteins, the outer side of the lipoprotein particles face the water while the hydrophobic portions point inward, where triglycerides, cholesterol and cholesterol esters are.
The hydrophilic outer portion allows lipoprotein particles to stay suspended in serum and blood. The inner lipid and sterol portion attract each other and form a stable system.
The shape that reduces free energy to a minimum is a sphere so lipoprotein particles assume that shape.
Without the phospholipids and proteins surrounding the water-insoluble portions, the lipid and sterol molecules would simply coalesce, which would result in blobs of fat accumulating in the circulatory system.
Phospholipids are polar compounds based upon a glycerol backbone. Two fatty acids are attached to the phospholipid at the sn-1, and sn-2 position (end and middle respectively). Both fatty acids are non-polar and hydrophobic (water-hating). The third spot is taken by a polar group at the sn-3 position (e.g. the other end) which is hydrophilic (water loving). In addition to polar amino acids and proteins, the outer side of the lipoprotein particles face the water while the hydrophobic portions point inward, where triglycerides, cholesterol and cholesterol esters are.
The hydrophilic outer portion allows lipoprotein particles to stay suspended in serum and blood. The inner lipid and sterol portion attract each other and form a stable system.
The shape that reduces free energy to a minimum is a sphere so lipoprotein particles assume that shape.
Without the phospholipids and proteins surrounding the water-insoluble portions, the lipid and sterol molecules would simply coalesce, which would result in blobs of fat accumulating in the circulatory system.
Is there a Low density lipoprotein(LDL) and High density lipoprotein (HDL) reader available in the market?
Q.
A. LDL and HDL are determined by Photometry method in a Pathological Laboratory.You are required to give a blood sample for this.
Full Blood profile consists of TC,HDL,TG and LDL.
Full Blood profile consists of TC,HDL,TG and LDL.
Ldl is 196 triglycerides 154 hdl 31 hdl ratio 8 ldl ratio 6.3 very low density lipoprotein 30.8 my age is 44?
Q.
A. LDL- High LDL level, corresponding to much higher rates for developing symptomatic cardiovascular disease events
Triglyceride- Slightly above normal.
HDL- Low HDL cholesterol, heightened risk for heart disease.
VLDL- slightly above normal.
Risk for cardiac disease is assessed by dividing the total cholesterol level by the HDL level. Target values are <5 for men and <4.4 for women.
Take statin drug in consultation with your doctor.
Also control your cholesterol level by diet and exercise. You may also take omega-3 fatty acid (fish oil).
Adopt DASH diet (Mediterranean diet). Eat a low-cholesterol, low-fat diet, which includes cottage cheese, fat-free milk, fish, vegetables, poultry, and egg whites. Use monounsaturated oils such as olive, peanut, and canola oils or polyunsaturated oils such as corn, safflower, soy, sunflower, cottonseed, and soybean oils. Avoid foods with excess fat in them such as meat (especially liver and fatty meat), egg yolks, whole milk, cream, butter, shortening, pastries, cakes, cookies, gravy, peanut butter, chocolate, olives, potato chips, coconut, cheese (other than cottage cheese), coconut oil, palm oil, and fried foods.
Please note that I am not a medical professional.
Triglyceride- Slightly above normal.
HDL- Low HDL cholesterol, heightened risk for heart disease.
VLDL- slightly above normal.
Risk for cardiac disease is assessed by dividing the total cholesterol level by the HDL level. Target values are <5 for men and <4.4 for women.
Take statin drug in consultation with your doctor.
Also control your cholesterol level by diet and exercise. You may also take omega-3 fatty acid (fish oil).
Adopt DASH diet (Mediterranean diet). Eat a low-cholesterol, low-fat diet, which includes cottage cheese, fat-free milk, fish, vegetables, poultry, and egg whites. Use monounsaturated oils such as olive, peanut, and canola oils or polyunsaturated oils such as corn, safflower, soy, sunflower, cottonseed, and soybean oils. Avoid foods with excess fat in them such as meat (especially liver and fatty meat), egg yolks, whole milk, cream, butter, shortening, pastries, cakes, cookies, gravy, peanut butter, chocolate, olives, potato chips, coconut, cheese (other than cottage cheese), coconut oil, palm oil, and fried foods.
Please note that I am not a medical professional.
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